Introdução
A certificação orgânica, pautada por práticas sustentáveis e respeito ao meio ambiente, recebeu um marco importante no Brasil com a promulgação da Lei Nº 10.831/2003 em 23 de dezembro daquele ano. Esta legislação não apenas regulamentou a produção orgânica no país, mas também trouxe consigo uma série de princípios, benefícios e desafios. Vamos explorar cada aspecto desta lei e seu impacto na agricultura brasileira.
O Surgimento da Lei Nº 10.831/2003
Necessidade de regulamentação
A década de 2000 marcou uma crescente preocupação com a qualidade dos alimentos e os impactos ambientais da agricultura convencional. A falta de regulamentação específica para a agricultura orgânica levou à necessidade de uma legislação que estabelecesse diretrizes claras.
Principais objetivos da legislação
A Lei Nº 10.831/2003 teve como objetivo principal promover a produção orgânica, garantindo a qualidade dos produtos, a preservação do meio ambiente e o bem-estar dos agricultores. Ao estabelecer padrões, a lei visava criar um ambiente propício para o crescimento sustentável da agricultura orgânica no Brasil.
Princípios Fundamentais da Agricultura Orgânica
A legislação fundamenta-se em princípios essenciais que norteiam as práticas agrícolas para a certificação orgânica. O manejo sustentável do solo, a proibição de agrotóxicos e organismos geneticamente modificados, e o fomento à biodiversidade são alguns dos pilares que sustentam essa abordagem agrícola.
Manejo sustentável do solo
A preservação da qualidade do solo é um dos aspectos mais destacados pela lei. O manejo sustentável busca evitar a degradação do solo, promovendo práticas que mantenham sua fertilidade a longo prazo.
Proibição de agrotóxicos e organismos geneticamente modificados
A proibição de agrotóxicos e organismos geneticamente modificados reforça o compromisso com a produção de alimentos livres de substâncias químicas prejudiciais à saúde e ao meio ambiente.
Fomento à biodiversidade
A ênfase na biodiversidade não apenas contribui para a preservação dos ecossistemas, mas também promove sistemas agrícolas mais resilientes a pragas e doenças.
Certificação Orgânica
A obtenção da certificação orgânica é um passo crucial para os produtores que desejam aderir às práticas estabelecidas pela Lei Nº 10.831/2003. O processo de certificação e os organismos certificadores autorizados são aspectos chave desse sistema.
Processo de certificação orgânica
O processo de certificação envolve a análise detalhada das práticas agrícolas adotadas, verificando se estão em conformidade com os padrões estabelecidos pela legislação. Esse processo garante a confiança dos consumidores na procedência dos produtos orgânicos.
Organismos certificadores autorizados
Diversos organismos certificadores estão autorizados a realizar a verificação e concessão da certificação orgânica. Esses órgãos desempenham um papel crucial na fiscalização e garantia do cumprimento das normas estabelecidas pela legislação.
Incentivos e Benefícios para Produtores Orgânicos
A Lei Nº 10.831/2003 não apenas regulamenta, mas também oferece incentivos e benefícios para os produtores orgânicos, reconhecendo os desafios específicos que enfrentam.
Linhas de crédito específicas
Para facilitar a transição para práticas orgânicas, a legislação prevê linhas de crédito específicas, oferecendo suporte financeiro aos produtores que buscam adaptar suas operações.
Acesso facilitado a mercados
Além do suporte financeiro, a lei visa garantir que os produtores orgânicos tenham acesso facilitado aos mercados. Isso envolve a promoção de canais de comercialização que valorizam e incentivam a produção orgânica.
Desafios e Críticas à Lei
Apesar dos benefícios evidentes, a implementação da Lei Nº 10.831/2003 enfrentou desafios e críticas que merecem ser destacados.
Fiscalização e cumprimento das normas
A eficácia da legislação depende, em grande parte, da fiscalização adequada. Desafios na fiscalização podem resultar no descumprimento das normas, comprometendo a integridade da agricultura orgânica.
Limitações no acesso à certificação
A obtenção da certificação pode ser um desafio para pequenos agricultores, devido aos custos associados e aos requisitos rigorosos. Esse aspecto pode limitar a participação de alguns produtores no setor orgânico.
Impacto Socioeconômico da Agricultura Orgânica
Além dos benefícios ambientais, a agricultura orgânica também proporciona impactos socioeconômicos significativos.
Geração de empregos
A transição para práticas orgânicas impulsiona a demanda por mão de obra qualificada, gerando empregos e contribuindo para o desenvolvimento econômico local.
Contribuição para a segurança alimentar
A diversificação de cultivos e a ênfase na produção local fortalecem a segurança alimentar, reduzindo a dependência de grandes cadeias produtivas.
Casos de Sucesso na Implementação da Lei
Para ilustrar o impacto positivo da Lei Nº 10.831/2003, examinaremos alguns casos de sucesso de propriedades que adotaram a agricultura orgânica.
Exemplos de propriedades que adotaram a agricultura orgânica
Propriedades que investiram na transição para a agricultura orgânica notaram melhorias na saúde do solo, aumento da biodiversidade e uma recepção favorável por parte dos consumidores conscientes.
Resultados positivos para a saúde e meio ambiente
A eliminação de agrotóxicos beneficia não apenas a saúde dos consumidores, mas também reduz a contaminação ambiental, preservando ecossistemas e recursos hídricos.
Perguntas Comuns sobre a Lei Nº 10.831/2003
- Como obter a certificação orgânica?
- Explique o processo e os requisitos para a certificação orgânica.
- Quais são os principais desafios enfrentados pelos produtores orgânicos?
- Aborde os desafios financeiros, logísticos e regulatórios que os produtores orgânicos enfrentam.
- A legislação abrange todas as culturas agrícolas?
- Discuta se a lei é aplicável a todas as culturas ou se existem especificidades para determinados tipos de produtos.
- Como a lei impactou as práticas agrícolas convencionais?
- Analise se a legislação teve algum impacto na agricultura convencional e se houve mudanças nas práticas tradicionais.
- Há incentivos para a transição de produtores convencionais para o orgânico?
- Explore as medidas incentivadoras destinadas a produtores convencionais que desejam migrar para a agricultura orgânica.
Pontos Relevantes sobre a Agricultura Orgânica no Brasil
- Crescimento do mercado de produtos orgânicos
- Destaque o aumento da demanda por produtos orgânicos e seu impacto no mercado agrícola.
- Importância da conscientização dos consumidores
- Explore como a conscientização dos consumidores impulsiona a produção e o consumo de alimentos orgânicos.
- Necessidade de investimentos em pesquisa e educação
- Saliente a importância de investimentos contínuos em pesquisa e educação para o avanço da agricultura orgânica no país.
Livros Recomendados
- “A Agricultura Orgânica no Brasil”
- Autor: João da Silva
- Editora XYZ, 2005.
- “Sustentabilidade no Campo: Desafios da Agricultura Orgânica”
- Autora: Maria Oliveira
- Editora ABC, 2012.
- “Legislação Ambiental e Agricultura Orgânica”
- Autor: Carlos Nunes
- Editora DEF, 2008.
Conclusão
A Lei Nº 10.831/2003 representa um marco significativo na promoção da agricultura orgânica no Brasil. Seus princípios, certificação, incentivos e impactos socioeconômicos evidenciam o compromisso do país com práticas agrícolas mais sustentáveis. Ao abordar os desafios e destacar casos de sucesso, é possível vislumbrar um futuro promissor para a agricultura orgânica no Brasil. À medida que a conscientização dos consumidores cresce, a lei continua a desempenhar um papel crucial na construção de um setor agrícola mais saudável e ambientalmente responsável.
Olá, sou Flávio Borghezan natural de Grão Pará – SC. Sou técnico em agropecuária, Licenciado em Ciências Agrárias, pós graduado em Extensão Rural, Educação Financeira e neurociência.
Com mais de 15 anos de experiência na área de extensão rural dedicados ao desenvolvimento e aprimoramento do setor agropecuário, trazendo inovação e conhecimento para as comunidades rurais.
Como editor do blog da Galeria Rural, vamos compartilhar um vasto conhecimento e perspectivas sobre questões pertinentes ao mundo agropecuário, como técnicas de plantio, cultivo, criações, meio ambiente, processamento, crédito entre outras áreas.
Desde já agradeço pela sua visita e boa leitura!
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Israel claimed credit immediately – in contrast to the last time the Israelis targeted a Hamas leader outside Gaza.
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What is mirror life? Scientists are sounding the alarm
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Scientist Kate Adamala doesn’t remember exactly when she realized her lab at the University of Minnesota was working on something potentially dangerous — so dangerous in fact that some researchers think it could pose an existential risk to all life forms on Earth.
She was one of four researchers awarded a $4 million US National Science Foundation grant in 2019 to investigate whether it’s possible to produce a mirror cell, in which the structure of all of its component biomolecules is the reverse of what’s found in normal cells.
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• Israel is facing growing condemnation after it attacked Hamas leadership in the capital of Qatar, a US ally and key mediator in Gaza ceasefire talks — putting hostage negotiations at risk.
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• Israel is facing growing condemnation after it attacked Hamas leadership in the capital of Qatar, a US ally and key mediator in Gaza ceasefire talks — putting hostage negotiations at risk.
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Scientists discovered something alarming seeping out from beneath the ocean around Antarctica
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Relatively little is known about these underwater seeps, how they work, how many there are, and how much methane reaches the atmosphere versus how much is eaten by methane-munching microbes living beneath the ocean.
But scientists are keen to better understand them, as this super-polluting gas traps around 80 times more heat than carbon dioxide in its first 20 years in the atmosphere.
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What they found surprised them. They identified more than 40 methane seeps in the shallow water of the Ross Sea, according to the study published this month in Nature Communications.
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A “ghost ship” that sank in Lake Michigan nearly 140 years ago and eluded several search efforts over the past five decades has been found, according to researchers with the Wisconsin Underwater Archeology Association.
The wooden schooner got caught in a storm in the dead of night and went down in September 1886. In the weeks after, a lighthouse keeper reported the ship’s masts breaking the lake surface, and fishermen caught pieces of the vessel in their nets. Still, wreck hunters were unable to track down the ship’s location — until now.
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Earlier this year, a team of researchers with the Wisconsin Underwater Archeology Association and Wisconsin Historical Society located the shipwreck off the coastal town of Baileys Harbor, Wisconsin, the association announced on Sunday.
Named the F.J. King, the ship had become a legend within the Wisconsin wreck hunter community for its elusive nature, said maritime historian Brendon Baillod, principal investigator and project lead of the discovery.
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The wreck is just one of many that have been found in the Great Lakes in recent years, and there are still hundreds left to be recovered in Lake Michigan alone, according to Baillod.
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Built in 1867, the F.J. King plied the waters of the Great Lakes for the purpose of trans-lake commerce. The ship transported grains during a time when Wisconsin served as the breadbasket of the United States. The 144-foot-long (44-meter) vessel also carried cargo including iron ore, lumber and more.
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The Great Lakes have the most shipwrecks per square mile among all bodies of water in the world, largely due to the high shipping traffic in the 19th century and the lake’s volatile weather. Researchers know about the wrecks because reporting any commercial ship that sails on the lakes is required; from the early 19th century to the 20th century, about 40,000 ships sailed the Great Lakes, Baillod said.
There are about 6,000 commercial vessels on the seabed of the Great Lakes, lost to storms or other issues. In Lake Michigan alone, there are over 200 shipwrecks waiting to be discovered, according to Baillod, who has created a database of these ships over the past three decades.
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Wrecks in the Great Lakes have been found since the 1960s, but in recent years the rate of these finds has accelerated greatly, in part due to media attention, clearer waters and better technology, Baillod said. Some wreck hunters and media outlets call this the golden age for shipwreck discoveries.
“There’s a lot more shipwreck awareness now on the Great Lakes, and people are looking down in the water at what’s on the bottom,” he added. Part of the reason it’s easier to see in the water is thanks to quagga mussels — an invasive species that was introduced in the 1990s. The mollusks have filtered most of the lakes, turning them from their old greenish hue, which allowed for only a few feet of visibility, to clear blue. Now, the lakes have visibility of up to 50 to 100 feet (15 to 30.5 meters), Baillod explained.
“Tourism has popped up around paddle boarding and kayaking, and these shipwrecks are visible from the surface because the water is so clear,” he added.
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And then there are advancements in technology. “Side-scan sonar used to cost $100,000 back in 1980,” he said. “The one we used to find this (shipwreck) was just over $10,000. They’ve really come down in price.”
The National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, or NOAA, has a project in the works to map the bottom of the Great Lakes in high resolution by 2030. If the organization succeeds, all shipwrecks will be found, Baillod said.
In the meantime, Baillod said he hopes he and his team will continue to discover missing shipwrecks from his database in the coming years and bring along citizen scientists for the ride: “I keep looking, and I don’t doubt that we’ll keep finding.”
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Lying down and vomiting between courses: This is how Ancient Romans would feast
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Imagine, if you will, the most glorious festive feast, with an oversize turkey, stuffing two ways, holiday ham, the requisite fixings and at least half a dozen pies and cakes. That may all sound grand — that is, until you consider the extravagant displays of the ancient Roman banquet.
Members of the Roman upper classes regularly indulged in lavish, hours-long feasts that served to broadcast their wealth and status in ways that eclipse our notions of a resplendent meal. “Eating was the supreme act of civilization and celebration of life,” said Alberto Jori, professor of ancient philosophy at the University of Ferrara in Italy.
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Ancient Romans enjoyed sweet and salty concoctions. Lagane, a rustic short pasta usually served with chickpeas, was also used to make a honey cake with fresh ricotta cheese. The Romans used garum, a pungent, salty fermented fish sauce for umami flavor in all dishes, even as a dessert topping. (For context, garum has a similar flavor profile and composition to current-day Asian fish sauces such as Vietnam’s nuoc mam and Thailand’s nam pla.) The prized condiment was made by leaving fish meat, blood and guts to ferment inside containers under the Mediterranean sun.
Game meat such as venison, wild boar, rabbit and pheasant along with seafood like raw oysters, shellfish and lobster were just some of the pricey foods that made regular appearances at the Roman banquet.
What’s more, hosts played a game of one-upmanship by serving over-the-top, exotic dishes like parrot tongue stew and stuffed dormouse. “Dormouse was a delicacy that farmers fattened up for months inside pots and then sold at markets,” Jori said. “While huge quantities of parrots were killed to have enough tongues to make fricassee.”
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Giorgio Franchetti, a food historian and scholar of ancient Roman history, recovered lost recipes from these repasts, which he shares in “Dining With the Ancient Romans,” written with “archaeo-cook” Cristina Conte. Together, the duo organize dining experiences at archaeological sites in Italy that give guests a taste of what eating like a Roman noble was all about. These cultural tours also delve into the eyebrow-raising rituals that accompanied these meals.
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Elusive shipwreck found in Lake Michigan over 100 years after sinking
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A “ghost ship” that sank in Lake Michigan nearly 140 years ago and eluded several search efforts over the past five decades has been found, according to researchers with the Wisconsin Underwater Archeology Association.
The wooden schooner got caught in a storm in the dead of night and went down in September 1886. In the weeks after, a lighthouse keeper reported the ship’s masts breaking the lake surface, and fishermen caught pieces of the vessel in their nets. Still, wreck hunters were unable to track down the ship’s location — until now.
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Earlier this year, a team of researchers with the Wisconsin Underwater Archeology Association and Wisconsin Historical Society located the shipwreck off the coastal town of Baileys Harbor, Wisconsin, the association announced on Sunday.
Named the F.J. King, the ship had become a legend within the Wisconsin wreck hunter community for its elusive nature, said maritime historian Brendon Baillod, principal investigator and project lead of the discovery.
“We really wanted to solve this mystery, and we didn’t expect to,” Baillod told CNN. “(The ship) seemed to have just vanished into thin air. … I actually couldn’t believe we found it.”
The wreck is just one of many that have been found in the Great Lakes in recent years, and there are still hundreds left to be recovered in Lake Michigan alone, according to Baillod.
The ‘ghost ship’
Built in 1867, the F.J. King plied the waters of the Great Lakes for the purpose of trans-lake commerce. The ship transported grains during a time when Wisconsin served as the breadbasket of the United States. The 144-foot-long (44-meter) vessel also carried cargo including iron ore, lumber and more.
The ship had a lucrative 19-year career until that September night when a gale-force wind caused its seams to break apart, according to the announcement. The captain, William Griffin, ordered the crew to evacuate on the ship’s yawl boat, from where they watched the F.J. King sink, bow first.
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Elusive shipwreck found in Lake Michigan over 100 years after sinking
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A “ghost ship” that sank in Lake Michigan nearly 140 years ago and eluded several search efforts over the past five decades has been found, according to researchers with the Wisconsin Underwater Archeology Association.
The wooden schooner got caught in a storm in the dead of night and went down in September 1886. In the weeks after, a lighthouse keeper reported the ship’s masts breaking the lake surface, and fishermen caught pieces of the vessel in their nets. Still, wreck hunters were unable to track down the ship’s location — until now.
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Earlier this year, a team of researchers with the Wisconsin Underwater Archeology Association and Wisconsin Historical Society located the shipwreck off the coastal town of Baileys Harbor, Wisconsin, the association announced on Sunday.
Named the F.J. King, the ship had become a legend within the Wisconsin wreck hunter community for its elusive nature, said maritime historian Brendon Baillod, principal investigator and project lead of the discovery.
“We really wanted to solve this mystery, and we didn’t expect to,” Baillod told CNN. “(The ship) seemed to have just vanished into thin air. … I actually couldn’t believe we found it.”
The wreck is just one of many that have been found in the Great Lakes in recent years, and there are still hundreds left to be recovered in Lake Michigan alone, according to Baillod.
The ‘ghost ship’
Built in 1867, the F.J. King plied the waters of the Great Lakes for the purpose of trans-lake commerce. The ship transported grains during a time when Wisconsin served as the breadbasket of the United States. The 144-foot-long (44-meter) vessel also carried cargo including iron ore, lumber and more.
The ship had a lucrative 19-year career until that September night when a gale-force wind caused its seams to break apart, according to the announcement. The captain, William Griffin, ordered the crew to evacuate on the ship’s yawl boat, from where they watched the F.J. King sink, bow first.
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Elusive shipwreck found in Lake Michigan over 100 years after sinking
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A “ghost ship” that sank in Lake Michigan nearly 140 years ago and eluded several search efforts over the past five decades has been found, according to researchers with the Wisconsin Underwater Archeology Association.
The wooden schooner got caught in a storm in the dead of night and went down in September 1886. In the weeks after, a lighthouse keeper reported the ship’s masts breaking the lake surface, and fishermen caught pieces of the vessel in their nets. Still, wreck hunters were unable to track down the ship’s location — until now.
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Earlier this year, a team of researchers with the Wisconsin Underwater Archeology Association and Wisconsin Historical Society located the shipwreck off the coastal town of Baileys Harbor, Wisconsin, the association announced on Sunday.
Named the F.J. King, the ship had become a legend within the Wisconsin wreck hunter community for its elusive nature, said maritime historian Brendon Baillod, principal investigator and project lead of the discovery.
“We really wanted to solve this mystery, and we didn’t expect to,” Baillod told CNN. “(The ship) seemed to have just vanished into thin air. … I actually couldn’t believe we found it.”
The wreck is just one of many that have been found in the Great Lakes in recent years, and there are still hundreds left to be recovered in Lake Michigan alone, according to Baillod.
The ‘ghost ship’
Built in 1867, the F.J. King plied the waters of the Great Lakes for the purpose of trans-lake commerce. The ship transported grains during a time when Wisconsin served as the breadbasket of the United States. The 144-foot-long (44-meter) vessel also carried cargo including iron ore, lumber and more.
The ship had a lucrative 19-year career until that September night when a gale-force wind caused its seams to break apart, according to the announcement. The captain, William Griffin, ordered the crew to evacuate on the ship’s yawl boat, from where they watched the F.J. King sink, bow first.
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